内 容 简 介
1961-63年的中美大使级会谈为两国政府在敌对状态下的沟通对话提供了秘密渠道。双方探讨了打开僵局的各种可能性，就一系列问题交换了意见，建立了私下会晤的机制。美国大使进了中国使馆，国务卿和助理国务卿同中国外交部长在公开场合握手谈话。1962年夏蒋介石企图反攻大陆，中美及时沟通交底，化解了这场危机。但台湾当局继续干扰中美接近。美方试图从释放美囚、放宽禁运、交流互访等小问题入手，先易后难地逐步缓和关系。中方坚持先解决美国干涉台湾这一根本问题，才能解决其他问题。这段会谈虽无突破性进展，但在紧张而脆弱的中美关系中起了摸底和缓冲作用，为后来“小球转动大球”的戏剧性转折做了铺垫。
Warsaw Ambassadorial-Level Talks between China and the United States，1961-1963
Dayong Niu
The Warsaw talks 1961-1963 provided PRC and the U.S., two powers confronting each other in the cold war, a covert channel of communication, through which they explored various possibilities of breaking the deadlock, exchanged views on concerned issues, and set up a mechanism for private meetings. American ambassador firstly paid a visit to the Embassy of the PRC, and Secretary Rusk and his assistant Harriman initiated a greeting to and shook hands openly with China’s foreign minister Chen Yi. Although their approach was still obstructed by Taiwan, the two governments frustrated Chiang Kai-shek’s offensive attempt against Mainland China by exchanging the ins and outs of their policy. The U.S. tried to ease Sino-American relations gradually from such minor matters as releasing American prisoners, lifting the ban for food import, and exchanging newsman. However, China insisted that no improvement in their relations could be made until the U.S. would withdraw its forces from the Taiwan area. Despite lacking a breakthrough, the talks played a role as a probe and a buffer in a tense and fragile relationship, and paved road to the historical dramatic turning point called as “the globe was moved by a table tennis”.
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